mgt 502 mid

Question No: 1 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Mr. Hussain is a salesperson. He remembers the names of his customers easily because he is able to retain and recall past experience. He is able in which of the following dimensions of intellectual ability?

► Memory
► Number Aptitude
► Deductive Reasoning
► Perceptual speed

Question No: 2 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Last year, Ali had taken lunch at a fast food restaurant that caused him food poisoning. Now whenever he passes by the restaurant, he feels nauseous. This is an example of which of the following learning theory?

► Classical conditioning
► Social learning
► Operant conditioning
► Reinforcement theory

Question No: 3 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Advertisements are directed at changing a person's:

► Attitude
► Value
► Ethics
► Custom

Question No: 4 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Which of the following lay the foundation for the understanding of attitudes and motivation because they influence our perceptions?

► Moods
► Behaviors
► Values
► Customs

Question No: 5 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Which of the following statements is NOT true about the difference between men and women when it comes to emotional reactions?
► Women show greater emotional expression
► Men express emotions more intensely
► Men express anger more frequently
► Women may have a greater need for social approval

Question No: 6 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Which of the following is NOT an important issue relating to goal-setting theory?

► Defining the goal
► Goal difficulty
► Goal specificity
► Equity among co-workers

Question No: 7 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Which of the following is NOT a comparison an employee can use in equity theory?

► Self-inside
► Self-goal
► Other-outside
► Self-outside

Question No: 8 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Two-factor theory suggests that dissatisfaction is caused by extrinsic factors. Which of the following is an example of such a factor?

► Advancement
► Working condition
► Achievement
► Recognition

Question No: 9 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Which of the following is a direct monetary incentive given by the organizations to its employees?

► Promotion
► Gain sharing
► Flexible work hours
► Appreciation certificate

Question No: 10 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
When the group energy is focused on the task at hand, the group has moved to the _____________ stage.

► Storming
► Norming
► Maturation
► Performing

Question No: 11 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Which of the following statement best defines leadership?

► Implementing the strategy provided by management
► Least concerned in bringing organizational change
► Coordinating and handling day-to-day problems
► The ability to influence a group in goal achievement

Question No: 12 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
According to the Ohio State studies, the extent to which a leader’s behavior is directed toward getting the job done is called:

► Initiating structure
► Consideration
► Maximization
► Path-goal

Question No: 13 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
According to the University of Michigan studies, which of the following is used to define a leader who takes personal interest in the needs of his/her subordinates?
►Situation-oriented
►Employee-oriented
►Production- oriented
►Task-oriented

Question No: 14 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Suggestion boxes, employee attitude surveys, and grievance procedures are examples of:
►Downward communication
►Horizontal communication
►Upward communication
►Lateral communication

Question No: 15 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Which of the following is the most effective communication network for facilitating the emergence of a leader?

►Chain
►All-channel
►Wheel
►Direct

Question No: 16 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Asad telephones his employee, Usman, to let him know that today’s meeting has been moved to one o’clock. In the communication process, Asad is:

►The sender
►The receiver
►The channel
►The encoder

Question No: 17 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Which one of the following statement is NOT true regarding the relationship between age and job performance?
►Older workers bring to their job: experience, judgment and strong work ethics
►Older workers have more commitment to quality
►Older workers are perceived as flexible and welcome new technologies
►Older workers are perceived as lacking flexibility and resistant to new technologies

Question No: 18 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Following a response by the termination or withdrawal of something unpleasant is called _________.

►Positive reinforcement
►Extinction
►Negative reinforcement
►Punishment

Question No: 19 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Which emotions are the emotions an individual actually is experiencing, despite what they might apparently show?

►Felt
►Displayed
►Conditional
►Exposed

Question No: 20 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Which of the following is least accurate about Ohio-State Study?

►High-high styles sometimes had negative relationship
►High-high leaders generally had superior subordinate performance
►High initiating structure is positively related to grievances
►High consideration is positively related to manager’s evaluation

Question No: 21 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Organizations that do not pay attention to diversity may face all of the following problems, Except:

►Lower productivity
►Increased tensions among workers
►Decreased turnover
►Increased complaints

Question No: 22 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
CEO of a computer manufacturing organization rewards his employees with computers, vacations or bonuses for meeting personal or organizational goal. He is practicing which of the following method of shaping behavior?

►Positive reinforcement
►Negative reinforcement
►Punishment
►Extinction

Question No: 23 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
The suspension of a construction employee for one day without pay for not wearing hard hat when instructed strictly, is an example of which of the following method of shaping behavior?

►Negative reinforcement
►Punishment
►Extinction
►Positive reinforcement

Question No: 24 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Action of a person consistent with one's personal values and the commonly held values of the organization and society is called which of the following behavior?

►Legal behavior
►Ethical behavior
►Cognitive behavior
►Loyal behavior

Question No: 25 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Which of the following component of an attitude includes beliefs, opinions and information that a person has about the object he observed?
►Affective
►Behavioral
►Cognitive
►Terminal

Question No: 26 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
The founder of TL Corporation has to face many difficulties while establishing his company even banks were not ready to grant loan. But he showed persistence and after four years he was able to generate finance by the mortgage of his own house. He was exhibiting which of the following personality trait of Big Five Personality Model?
►Agreeableness
►Emotional Stability
►Conscientiousness
►Extroversion

Question No: 27 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Which of the following is an example of positive emotions?

►Anger
►Sadness
►Pride
►Disgust

Question No: 28 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Which of the following is the study of social system such as families, occupational classes and organizations ?

►Psychology
►Sociology
►Anthropology
►Social Psychology

Question No: 29 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
In an interview, the interviewer's first impression of the interviewee (or target) is likely to be based upon:


►Nonverbal cues of the target
►Verbal communication by the target
►The intentions of the target
►The target's physical appearance

Question No: 30 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
The rational decision-making approach assumes that decision makers:




►Have complete information
►Are motivated by greed
►Are often distracted by the environment
►Are subjective

Question No: 31 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
In decision making process when managers define their limits and make their decision within the limits, it is called:

►Bounded rationality
►Optimal decision making
►Intuitive decision making
►Rational decision making

Question No: 32 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
People with which of the following decision making style work well with others and enjoy social interactions?


►Behavioral
►Directive
►Analytical
►Conceptual

Question No: 33 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
Mr. Zia is directly involved in the production of the automobiles. He is facing low motivation due to repetitive tasks. His manager changes his responsibilities and now he has to perform different tasks. His motivation has increased because of which of the following strategy?
►Job enrichment
►Job enlargement
►Job sharing
►Job rotation

Question No: 34 ( Marks: 1 ) - Please choose one
All of the following are examples of downward communication flow EXCEPT:

►Managers informing employees of procedures
►Managers pointing out problems that need attention
►Employees completing attitude surveys
►Managers telling employees to work more quickly

Question No: 35 ( Marks: 3 )
How the barriers of communication can be minimized or eliminated?
These barriers can be eliminated or minimized by increasing the readability of and clarity of written communication and by improving the quality of electronic devices and other communication devices. Use of appropriate wording is also very important. Motivation of the receiver, communicate feelings as well facts etc.

Question No: 36 ( Marks: 5 )
How “employee stock ownership program” positively influence employee motivation?

Employee stock ownership plans can be used to keep plan participants focused on company performance and share price appreciation. By giving plan participants an interest in seeing that the company's stock performs well, these plans are believed to encourage participants to do what's best for shareholders, since the participants themselves are shareholders.

Question No: 37 ( Marks: 5 )
What is difference between groupthink and groupshift?

Group Think: Tendency of the members of a group to yield to the desire for consensus or unanimity at the cost of considering alternative courses of action. Group-think is said to be the reason why intelligent and knowledgeable people make disastrous decisions.

Group Shift: When people are in groups, they make decision about risk differently from when they are alone. In the group, they are likely to make riskier decisions, as the shared risk makes the individual risk less